I received the rank of 1st dan in 1987 in shotokan karate, then studied aikido and received 1st dan in 1996. Special thanks for my instructors and friends. Steve Parker, Tom Spiller, H.J. Ducas, John Odell, John Miller, JD Whitman, Charlie Loftin and many others

I have written a training guide listed in the link "Writings" .